HEMATOLOGICAL DYNAMICS IN HEMODIALYSIS: A COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant health burden in developing countries like India, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. The study aimed to determine the incidence of anemia among patients with CKD and examine its potential association with other predictive markers.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational research was undertaken within a tertiary hospital setting to examine the incidence of hematological abnormalities and explore the association between anemia and its many manifestations in patients with stages 3-5 chronic kidney disease (CKD). The markers for anemia encompassed measurements of hemoglobin percentage (Hb%), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and examination of peripheral smears. The investigation also examined the correlation between stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and red cell distribution width (RDW), thrombocytopenia, leucocyte count, and differential count.

 Result: The study found that 96.8% of participants displayed symptoms of anemia, characterized by normocytic and normochromic observations on peripheral measures. A significant number of patients (57.3% of them) had a higher total leucocyte count (TLC), but there was no statistically significant link between a higher TLC and the worsening stages of CKD. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and platelet levels exhibited a predominantly normal range, with relatively few observed fluctuations. However, there is a positive link between the advancement of CKD and an increase in red cell distribution width (RDW).

Conclusion: The study highlights the changes in blood parameters observed in individuals with CKD, with particular attention given to the high occurrence of anemia. The findings underscore the importance of comprehensive iron investigations and the timely identification and intervention of anemia. Adopting a comprehensive strategy that includes regular monitoring of blood parameters, specifically focusing on anemia and iron levels, is crucial for effectively managing and enhancing the overall health of individuals with CKD