MONKEYPOX AND ITS CURRENT REALITY
Keywords:
Monkeypox, orthopoxvirus, smallpox, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Poxviridae infections.Abstract
Introduction: Monkeypox or "Monkeypox" is a species of poxvirus, which possesses double-stranded DNA. This species has the potential to be used as bioterrorism; and currently has re-emerged in non-endemic countries.
Objective: To detail the current information related to monkeypox and its epidemiological repercussions; in addition, to analyze the management and prevention of the contagion of this disease.
Methodology: a search was carried out in PubMed, Elsevier and Google Scholar, with the terms Monkeypox, Ape Pox and Monkeypox. Some articles were rejected due to lack of relevance.
Results: Monkeypox is transmitted by nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal or intradermal routes; it has an incubation period of 5 to 21 days. Its diagnosis is made by laboratory tests such as PCR-RT and biopsy of skin lesions. Prevention is carried out with vaccines (especially the Ankara vaccine), which is 85% effective. Other drugs can be used in case of infection by this virus; however, their efficacy has not been determined so far. Currently, third generation vaccines are being developed.
Conclusions: Monkeypox had its outbreak in the 1970s and re-emerged in 1990. In 2020, 5257 suspected patients were found. It has now been discovered in the United Kingdom, Israel, United States, Singapore, among others. Current management is symptomatic and prevention with vaccines. The administration of Tecovirimat and Brincidofovir have controversial efficacy. Vaccines have shown greater effectiveness.
